The Lydian mode of the opening call of the French horns in Lydian Variations for Large Brass Ensemble signifies youth and joy as the Lydian mode has symbolized since ancient times. The woman’s name, Lydia, means beauty and noble and has the same origins. The six variations are inspired by the different aspects of womanhood from high spirited to fierce to romantic to powerful.

The first variation is marked by the jabbing attacks of the muted brass while the soaring of the unmuted instruments stands firm, representing the enduring strength of women fighting the traditional struggles of harsh cultural practices.

Variation 2 is patience and fortitude while Variation 3 has a rather triumphant and youthful feel about it. Variation 4, again, is full of angst with the muted trumpets and hand stopped horns contrasting the steady fortitude of the lower brass, but the romantic release comes with Variation 5. And finally, Variation 6 is the culmination of the concept of Lydia.

This piece was commissioned by the Canadian Women’s Brass Collective for premier January 14, 2024.